Labral Tear

The labrum is a piece of cartilage that surrounds the glenoid (socket) of the shoulder joint. The labrum provides stability to the shoulder joint and is a site of attachment for several ligaments and the biceps tendon. There are various types of labral tears which are classified according to the location of the tear. When the labrum gets torn, the best treatment option is usually surgery because the labrum typically does not heal on its own. The labrum is usually repaired with minimally invasive techniques such as a shoulder arthroscopy.

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  • Symptoms

  • Treatment

Symptoms

  • Shoulder pain
  • Clicking or catching in the shoulder
  • Possible shoulder joint instability
  • Possible biceps pain

Frequently Asked

Questions

How do I know if I have a labral tear?

Labral tears often lead to a painful clicking in the shoulder when lifting or reaching across the body or above shoulder height. In some cases, labral tears result from a dislocation of the shoulder and can lead to recurrent dislocations or shifting of the shoulder joint. After taking a detailed history and performing a thorough exam, if a labral tear is suspected, an MRI with IV contrast is usually ordered. An MRI evaluates soft tissue structures such as the rotator cuff tendons and labrum.

How do I know if I need surgery or can just manage with conservative treatment?

Most labral tears need surgery because the labrum infrequently heals on its own. Several factors are considered when determining if a patient should have surgery, which include the size of the labral tear, patient age, patient activity level/demands, recurrent shoulder instability, and failure of more conservative treatment.

What are the risks associated with not treating my labral tear?

The most common risks are stiffness, persistent pain, and weakness. Patients with a labral tear commonly use their injured arm less, which causes the shoulder muscles to weaken and can create tension in the muscles around the shoulder from the altered shoulder mechanics. In cases of recurrent instability, irreversible damage to the ball and socket as well as the cartilage in the joint can occur, which can lead to arthritis.